Peru

Facts

• currency: sol
• 3 zones:
  • Costa: dry and desert, ~10%
  • Sierra: mountains ~30%
  • Selva: rainforest ~60%
• 86% of population live alone the coast
• highest peak: Huascaran
• source of the Amazon: Montero river, sourced at lake Junin
• Peru used to be the epic center of incan empire, ~25k miles lone from Ecuador to Argentina, alone Andes
• largest cities
  • Lima
  • Arequipa

Lima

• Lima metro extension 2022
• Lima: founded in 1535;
• Miraflores: green suburb
• Paddingto bear statue

Cusco and Machu Picchu

• Cusco, the gateway to machu picchu, 2nd busiest airport
• The Sacred Valley
• Train to Machu Picchu
  • PeruRail: https://www.perurail.com/
  • Incarail: https://incarail.com/

Arequipa

• 2nd largest city, 3rd busiest airport;
• at the foot of the El Misti volcano;
• Spanish colonial architecture;
• Santa Catalina Convent

Titicaca lake

• Shared by Peru and Bolivia
• Uros Floating Islands
• totora boat

Food and Drink

• coati dung coffee: partially fermented coffee beans that pass through the digestive system of a coati
• largest Quinoa and maca producer
• Ceviche

Transportation

• Metro: https://www.lineauno.pe/
  • Line 1 operational
  • Line 2 and 4 under construction
• BRT: Metropolitano http://www.metropolitano.com.pe/
• Andean Explorer train.

Others

• Chachapoyas: founded by the Spanish in 1538; the capital of Amazonas; sarcophagi of karajia, the pre-inca city of Kuelap,
• Gocta Waterfall: 3rd tallest fall in the world
• trujillo: dounded in 1500s; Chan Chan ruins, pre-Incan empires of ancient Peru, the largest adobe city in the Americas
• the largest left-handed waves by Chicama
• Nazca Lines
• Lake Titicaca: floating village; shared with Boliviaelevation 12,500 feet, the highest navigable lake in the world
• Colca Canyon: more than twice as deep as the Grand Canyon
• Puno
• Canyon Country
• iquitos does not have road access, only air or river boat
• "Tambo": small houses to provide shelter and food, a porter system for up to 150 miles per day without wheeled vehicle or horse
• 12 UNESCO sites
• Sky Lodge adventure suites
• the last Incan grass bridge
• Salt pans of Maras
• Rinconada: highest city in the world
• Hat building in Celedin
• Rainbow mountain
• Cerro Blanco: world tallest sand dune
• Shanay-Timpishka river: a boiling river
• potato originated in Peru ~4000 different kinds
• 6th largest gold producer, 1/5 of their export
• Huaca Pucllana
• Pachacamac

Rulers

• Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui (reign c. 1438-63 CE)
• Thupa Inca Yupanqui (reign c. 1471-93 CE)
• Wayna Qhapaq (the last pre-Hispanic ruler, reign c. 1493-1525 CE).